In December, the ECB bought €57.2bn under the PEPP and €21.1bn under the APP.
The ECB’s balance sheet is now equivalent to 61% of euro area GDP compared to 39% at the start of the year.
Read the full whitepaper now at the link below
Amundi
2025 Top 500 ranking: 8
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White papersGlobal Investment Views - December 2025
The year is drawing to a close with most risk assets in positive territory, and global stocks and metal prices seeing multiple highs. Even the longest US government shutdown in history didn’t curb market enthusiasm. We think markets have been looking through the weakness in the belief that monetary and fiscal policy levers will be available for support, that profitability of AI investments is almost a given, and that corporate earnings will continue to exceed expectations, following a strong results season in the US, somewhat less so in Europe. The tariffs’ impact on consumption is also largely being ignored.
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WebinarJoin us for an in-depth look at the 2026 Investment Outlook for pension funds
Tuesday 9 December 2025, 9:00 am EDT / 2:00 pm GMT
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White papersArtificial Intelligence for Behavioral Finance
Artificial Intelligence (AI), particularly Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) techniques, have been extensively used in consumer finance to assess credit risk, develop automated models for loan attribution, and forecast households’ insurance claims and spending. However, their application in analyzing retail investors’ behaviors and designing tools to shape financial advice has emerged more recently.
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